Steps of Producing matured Proteins:

• Replication- Formation of Single strand of DNA from double strands of DNA.
• Transcription- Formation of primary transcript from single strand of DNA.

Primary transcripts consist of introns (non-coding regions of DNA sequences which contains prediction of promoter regions,regulatory elements and protein binding sites) and exons (coding regions of DNA sequences which are usually small-150 bp long on average and here the sequence of their splice sites are available).

• Splicing- Formation of mRNA from primary transcript by removing introns.
• Translation- Native/nascent protein is formed from mRNA through this process.
• Post translational modification- matured proteins are formed.

Protein maturation/post translation modification include any combination of the following stages:
- cuts within the amino acid chain,
- removal of fragment of the amino acid chain (eg. insulin),
- chemical modification of specific amino acids (eg. methylation),
-addition of lipid molecules (eg. myristoylation),
- addition of glycosidic(sugar) molecules (eg. glycosylation).